Finally understandable: LoRa (and LoRaWAN) explained simply!
LoRaWAN (Long Range Wide Area Network) enables energy-efficient data transmission over long distances – perfect for IoT and IIoT. Manage hundreds of sensors in one network and benefit from a battery life of up to 10 years. Ideal for long-term, low-maintenance solutions!
A LoRaWAN system consists of three main components: Node (sensor), gateway and LoRa server. The gateway connects the energy-efficient LoRa wireless network with the powerful server. You can find tips on the optimal positioning of gateways in our blog post “Maximum LoRaWAN range: how to position gateways and sensors correctly”.
The node sends data via LoRa to all nearby gateways, which forward it to the server. From there, the data can be processed, visualized or stored. Discover more about the advantages and applications of LoRa in the IoT on our page about LoRa radio.
LoRa Sensors
Send measured values
via LoRa to gateway
LoRa Gateway
Sends data
via LTE/LAN to server
LoRa Server
Processes data,
manages devices, etc.
LoRa vs. LoRaWAN – what’s the difference?
LoRaWAN is the network protocol that controls the entire structure and communication in the network. It ensures that LoRaWAN devices can be easily integrated into existing networks.
LoRa is Semtech’s wireless technology for energy-efficient and long-range data transmission that works directly between the sensor (node) and gateway.
Imagine: LoRa is like your voice when you speak, while LoRaWAN is the common language and grammar that enables understanding.
Application example: Networking of an industrial hall
To network an industrial hall, place sensors to record important data such as the indoor climate (temperature, humidity, CO2) or machine status (power consumption, production). Of course, there are many other applications.
A LoRa gateway, which covers all sensors, connects to the internet and the LoRa server via LAN or LTE. The sensor data is transmitted live and enables real-time monitoring, quick decisions and automatic alarms for critical values. Ideal for precise control and efficient optimization of your operating processes.
Battery life of sensors in practice
Many LoRaWAN sensors advertise a battery life of up to 10 years. However, this maximum runtime depends on several factors:
- Transmission interval: The more frequently a sensor transmits, the faster the battery is used up. Typical intervals range from 15 minutes to 24 hours. Some sensors only transmit when events occur, such as a moisture sensor that only becomes active when leaks occur in order to extend the battery life.
- Reception strength: The distance to the gateway and obstacles such as reinforced concrete walls influence the energy consumption. A distant signal requires more energy.
- Data volume: More data means higher energy consumption. Small differences in the amount of data add up over time and have a significant impact on battery life.
Find out more about the actual battery life and whether manufacturer specifications are realistic,
here in this blog post.
Comparison with other wireless technologies
Only a few technologies offer a long range with low power consumption. WLAN, Bluetooth and Zigbee have a range of up to 100 meters under optimal conditions. This is often insufficient for large industrial halls or open spaces.
WLAN also consumes three times more power than a LoRa module.
Other LPWANs such as Sigfox and Nb-IoT also offer low energy consumption, but the network setup is up to the telecommunications companies. Users must have a compatible sensor and pay per message, depending on the provider’s network coverage and fees.
For more information on the advantages and possible applications of LoRaWAN in the IoT, see LoRa radio.
Applications
Examples of the application of the sensor in practice.
You can find all use cases here.
